April 18, 2025 Current Affairs (English)

April 18, 2025 Current Affairs (English)

1. According to the India Justice Report 2025, what is the national prison occupancy rate as of 2022?

A. 100%
B. 112%
C. 131%
D. 150%

Answer: C. 131%

2. Which Indian state has met the 33% benchmark for women prison staff, as mentioned in the report?

A. Kerala
B. Maharashtra
C. Mizoram
D. Delhi

Answer: C. Mizoram

3. Which of the following Acts seeks to replace the outdated Prisons Act, 1894, and focuses on reformative justice and rehabilitation?

A. Prisoners Act, 1900
B. Model Prison Manual, 2016
C. Probation of Offenders Act, 1958
D. Model Prisons and Correctional Services Act, 2023

Answer: D. Model Prisons and Correctional Services Act, 2023

4. Which of the following Supreme Court cases emphasized that a speedy trial is a fundamental right under Article 21?

A. Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration (1978)
B. Francis Coralie Mullin v. Administrator, Delhi (1981)
C. Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar (1979)
D. Suhas Chakma v. Union of India (2024)

Answer: C. Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar (1979)

5. What is the primary objective of the Centers of Excellence (CoEs) under NCMM?

A. To promote the export of rare earth minerals
B. To conduct basic geological surveys
C. To focus on research in critical minerals, including extraction and recycling
D. To set up mineral trading hubs

Answer: C. To focus on research in critical minerals, including extraction and recycling

6. Under which Ministry is the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM) implemented?

A. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
B. Ministry of Earth Sciences
C. Ministry of Commerce and Industry
D. Ministry of Mines

Answer: D. Ministry of Mines

7. At what Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) are CoEs expected to develop technologies?

A. TRL 1–3
B. TRL 2–5
C. TRL 7–8
D. TRL 9–10

Answer: C. TRL 7–8

8. Under Rule 4(b) of the SWM Rules, 2016, what is expected of waste generators regarding sanitary waste?

A. Flush all sanitary products
B. Mix sanitary waste with wet waste
C. Wrap sanitary waste securely and place it in dry or non-biodegradable bins
D. Hand it over directly to hospitals

Answer: C. Wrap sanitary waste securely and place it in dry or non-biodegradable bins

9. What key feature distinguishes the Karad Model of sanitary waste management?

A. Composting of all types of waste
B. Burning of waste in open areas
C. 100% segregation and processing of sanitary and biomedical waste
D. Exporting sanitary waste to other cities for disposal

Answer: C. 100% segregation and processing of sanitary and biomedical waste

10 . What type of partnership model is used in Karad’s sanitary waste management system?

A. Government-funded model
B. Public-Private Partnership (PPP)
C. Entirely private model
D. NGO-led model

Answer: B. Public-Private Partnership (PPP)

11. What is the theme of World Heritage Day 2025?

A. Preserving Ancient Civilizations
B. Heritage and Sustainable Tourism
C. Heritage under Threat from Disasters and Conflicts
D. Safeguarding Urban Heritage

Answer: C. Heritage under Threat from Disasters and Conflicts

12. As of 2024, how many UNESCO World Heritage Sites does India have?

A. 39
B. 41
C. 43
D. 45

Answer: C. 43

13. When were the first Indian sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list?

A. 1972
B. 1983
C. 1995
D. 2000

Answer: B. 1983

14. What is the main purpose of the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) pilot project launched by KSEB and IIT Bombay?

A. To promote electric vehicle sales in Kerala
B. To test the feasibility of V2G for grid stability and energy efficiency
C. To develop electric vehicle manufacturing in Kerala
D. To install solar panels on EVs

Answer: B. To test the feasibility of V2G for grid stability and energy efficiency

15. What additional models are associated with vehicle-based power systems apart from V2G?

A. Vehicle-to-Cloud and Vehicle-to-Internet
B. Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)
C. Vehicle-to-Wind and Vehicle-to-Biomass
D. Vehicle-to-Satellite and Vehicle-to-Air

Answer: B. Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)

16. What is the role of the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) in promoting V2G in India?

A. Importing EVs from Europe
B. Drafting guidelines for reverse power flow from EVs to the grid
C. Setting EV speed limits
D. Promoting coal-powered EV stations

Answer: B. Drafting guidelines for reverse power flow from EVs to the grid

17. Which government scheme integrates IT for credit, insurance, and subsidy delivery in aquaculture?

A. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
B. PM Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)
C. Atal Bhujal Yojana
D. National Mission for Clean Ganga

Answer: B. PM Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)

18. How does IT adoption contribute to disease mitigation in aquaculture?

A. By using chemical treatments after disease outbreaks
B. Through early detection via digital monitoring tools
C. By outsourcing farming to foreign entities
D. By avoiding water testing altogether

Answer: B. Through early detection via digital monitoring tools

19. The Magai River is a tributary of which river?

A. Yamuna
B. Ganga
C. Tamsa
D. Ghaghara

Answer: C. Tamsa

20. Who provided technical leadership and financial support for the Magai River bridge construction?

A. The local MLA
B. A retired Army engineer, Ravindra Yadav
C. A private construction company
D. Uttar Pradesh Public Works Department

Answer: B. A retired Army engineer, Ravindra Yadav